
By Ed Staskus
When my wife’s cousin messaged us about Lithuanian Independence Day being celebrated at Cleveland’s City Hall on March 13th I was struck by two things. The last time I had gone to City Hall had been more than thirty years ago to get a marriage license. When I got there I found out I was in the wrong place. That was my chance, of course, but I didn’t take it. I was told to go next door to the Cuyahoga County Probate Court. The license cost me $60.00. It meant the loss of my autonomy but it was money well spent.
The second thing that struck me was that March 13th wasn’t Lithuanian Independence Day. It had always been February 16th for as long as I could remember. What had changed? Were there two of them now?
When I asked a friend of mine about it he said there are two such days, one dating from 1918 and the other one dating from 1990. “Two for the price of one,” he said. He was a funny fellow and I wondered if he was horsing around. It turned out he was right, although the second holiday was officially Lithuanian Restoration of Independence Day. Lithuania is forever breaking free of the Russians, who think any land the Neman River flows through is their land to have, even though the river doesn’t originate in Russia. It comes from Belarus. Close enough is what the Kremlin seems to think. The Dnieper River, which does originate in Russia, unfortunately for Ukraine flows through their country into the Black Sea.
I found out some other countries have two and even three Independence Days. Latvia, Slovakia, Azerbaijan, Turkey, and Rwanda all celebrate twice. Belarus celebrates three Independence Days, even though there is precious little freedom to be found in the Soviet-style country. The Belarusians probably pour down the vodka on those three days, tossing their empty bottles into the Nemen River.
It is never easy finding a parking spot in downtown Cleveland, unless one is willing to pay parking garage prices. Since the fine for getting ticketed when the sidewalk meter hits zero is $50.00 we forked over what the parking garage wanted. We parked in the Willard Garage behind City Hall. Walking from where we had parked we passed Free Stamp on our way to the front doors. The art sculpture is on the lawn next to City Hall. It is very large. The stamp says FREE. We stopped in its shadow and looked up.
The 35-ton, 28-foot-tall, 49-foot-wide sculpture is known as the world’s largest rubber stamp. It was originally commissioned by Sohio for their headquarters on Public Square. Claes Oldenburg and Coosie van Bruggen fabricated the thing. When Sohio became BP they decided they no longer wanted it. Free is a dirty word in the oil and gas business. They gave it away to the city and wrote it off their taxes. It was installed on its side, as though it had been thrown down from the top of the 45-story BP Building.
City Hall is a 5-story Beaux-Arts style building. The exterior is Vermont granite. It was built in 1916 as part of the 1903 Group Plan. It was the first building built for and owned by the city. The entrance hall features a mahogany-beamed ceiling. There are natural light wells. The vaulted ceiling of the rotunda is a series of skylights. The walls of the rotunda are creamy Botticino marble, gotten from northern Italy, and the floors are Tennessee pink marble. We looked the place up and down. It looked historic because it is historic. City Hall was designated a landmark in 1978.
The event was sponsored by the Cleveland Chapter of the Lithuanian American Community and the Lithuanian Consulate. The Lithuanian flag was flying in front of City Hall. It was a blustery day and the flag in the wind was flapping horizontally to the ground. The first person we bumped into inside City Hall was Gaja Bublys. She was dressed in native garb.
“I’m dancing with Svyturys after the speeches,” she explained.
Svyturys is a Cleveland-based folk dance group. Its name means beacon. They perform in traditional costumes, their dances revolving around folklore, courtship, and country life. One of their best numbers is the Dance of the Little Witches. The group is comprised of about fifty dancers, ranging from youngsters to adults. They perform throughout North America and have appeared in Europe. The program at City Hall featured twelve adult dancers.
Gaja was the master of ceremonies as well as one of the dancers, welcoming the gathering and introducing the speakers when their turn came to come to the podium. She stepped up to the microphone.
“Tonight, together, we celebrate a nation, Lithuania, where history has been shaped by courage and an unbreakable commitment to liberty. Today, Lithuania is free, democratic, and firmly rooted in the community of nations. We are reminded that our two nations, Lithuania and the United States, are separated by an ocean but united by their shared affirmation of liberty.”
When she was done everybody stood up and sang the national anthem of Lithuania, in the Lithuanian language.
“Lithuania, our homeland, land of worthy heroes, may your sons draw strength, from your past experience, may your children always choose the paths of virtue, may they work towards your good, and that of all people.”
Then everybody sang the national anthem of the United States, in the English language.
“O say can you see, by the dawn’s early light, what so proudly we hailed at the twilight’s last gleaming, whose broad stripes and bright stars through the perilous fight, o’er the ramparts we watched, were so gallantly streaming?”
Ingrid Bublys, Gaja’s mother, who is an Honorary General Consul of the Republic of Lithuania, and a leader of Cleveland’s Lithuanian community, was one of the organizers of the gathering. “As we come together to celebrate Lithuania’s restored independence, we are reminded that freedom is both precious and hard-won. Our community comes together not only to honor our history, but to reaffirm the enduring spirit, resilience, and unity of the Lithuanian people, here in Cleveland and across the world.”
The invocation was by Father Andrew Markunas of St. Casimir’s Church in North Collinwood. He sported a pony tail, which surprised me. Lithuanians are by and large conservative, if not very conservative. When I was growing up a pony tail was anathema. It meant you didn’t believe in decency and the Republican Party anymore. It meant you had gone off the rails. The landscape, at least sartorially, has changed. Ponytails are accepted. Decency is the same as it has always been. Haircuts never had anything to do with it. The Republican Party is different, like chalk and cheese.
“Brothers and sisters, as we celebrate independence, please join in prayer,” Father Markunas said. “Let us ask for our Lord’s blessing, trusting in God’s mercy on the homeland and all its people. Let us pray. Merciful God, hear our prayers that we raise up to you, with trust in Christ our Lord and the intercession of St. Casimir, the patron saint of Lithuania.”
I grew up a Roman Catholic, which is a monotheistic religion. Lithuanians were the last European pagans to convert to Christianity. Before they did they believed in a pantheon of nature gods. When I grew up I began to wonder about Rome’s singular and supreme deity. Why was there a Holy Trinity? It seemed like two too many. Why did everybody pray to saints when interacting with Heaven about their practical problems? That’s what the pagans used to do when they appealed to the lesser gods. I soon realized I was no philosopher and gave up asking twenty questions.
A representative of Cleveland Mayor Justin Bibb said a few words. A representative of Ohio Governor Mike DeWine said a few words. Michael Polensek came to the podium. He is the longest-serving member of City Council in Cleveland’s history, serving since 1978. The elder statesman is known as the Dean of Council.
“Labas, hello, and welcome to my home away from home,” he said. “Having Lithuanians here is always a special occasion because I have the pleasure of representing the largest population of them in the city in Ward 10. I was in this very building in 1990 meeting with the Lithuanian community doing everything we could to support Lithuania’s independence. Thirty six years later we all know what threats we face. Lithuania never gave in, never gave up.”
Lithuania was controlled by the Russian Empire from 1795 to 1918 and by the Soviet Union from 1944 to 1990. The country endured social, cultural, and political oppression. The Soviet Union engaged in mass deportations and effacement of the country’s national identity. They tried to rub the identity out but the communist eraser got worn and stale. Lithuania was the first Soviet Republic to declare its independence from Moscow in 1990. It was a black swan event. The dominoes were about to begin falling.
Mikhail Gorbachev denounced Lithuania’s declaration of independence. He called it “invalid.” Lithuania ignored the denunciation. Some said Mikhail Gorbachev was invalid. The Soviet Union cut off most of its oil and natural gas deliveries. Lithuania soldiered on in the cold. A year later, during the Vilnius Massacre, fourteen Lithuanians were killed and hundreds more injured by Russian armed forces. Resistance only intensified. The other Baltic nations joined the cause. More Soviet republics began to clamor for freedom. Separatist movements sprang up everywhere in Eastern Europe. When liberation happened it happened fast. The Soviet Union collapsed in December 1991. The Iron Curtain was drawn back for all to see what had been going on in the shadows.
Joe Cimperman followed Michael Polensek. A former 18-year member of City Council he today is President and CEO of Global Cleveland, which focuses on supporting refugees and immigrants in conjunction with fostering economic growth. Born into an immigrant family, he is known for encouraging diversity in northeast Ohio.
“I was raised in the Slovenian St. Vitus community. A few blocks away was the Lithuanian St. George community. We are here tonight because the people of Lithuania have always been the people of freedom. They were the first nation to tell the Soviet Union, no, and had the courage to break away. Most people thought they would be crushed under the heel of communism, but not the Lithuanians. To our Ukrainian friends who are here tonight, I say, in the end the good guys actually win. God bless you, may Lithuania and freedom live forever.”
The keynote speaker was Regimantas Jablonskas, General Consul of the Republic of Lithuania. There are three general consuls in the United States, one in New York, one in Los Angeles, and one in Chicago. They promote trade and foster commercial cooperation, as well as issue Lithuanian passports and offer legal aid to the diaspora. Regimantas Jablonskas had come to Cleveland from Chicago for the occasion.
“Dear friends, it is an honor for me to be here. After fifty years of Soviet occupation the day we declared independence opened opportunities for freedom, dignity, and self-expression. The news about what happened in Lithuania spread throughout the world. It was an historic moment in the belief in democracy, the belief of a people to rule themselves, to think freely and speak freely It remains one of the greatest victories of our society. This year America celebrates the 250th year of its independence. The principles expressed in the Declaration of Independence, liberty, equality, the right to self-determination, inspired many nations in the world, including Lithuania. Today the voice of our country is alive. The next generation has been born into freedom. We are proud of our journey. Let us resolve to always support democracy.”
Svyturys performed four dances, one of them a sutartines, solemn walking and precise patterns, the men carrying faux torches, and another one of them akin to a barn dance. The footwork was lively. There was a hors d’oeuvres buffet afterwards, traditional food catered by Gintaras, the restaurant at the Lithuanian Club in North Collinwood.
We drove home on the Shoreway instead of I-90. The road runs along the south coast of Lake Erie. We circled Public Square first, to see if the Terminal Tower was thematically lit up. The building is often bathed in custom colors for special occasions. When we drove past it was lit up in yellow, green, and red, the colors of Lithuania’s flag. Yellow represents the sun and goodness. Green represents the countryside and hope for the future. Red represents love of home and the bravery of those who have fought for the homeland.
As we turned to get back on Superior Ave. I tooted our car horn to salute the Terminal Tower. It was a busy Friday night downtown. A car full of party people going the other way tooted their horn in response. We slipped into a stream of traffic headed for Ohio City, the same way we were going to reach the Shoreway, and under a windswept sky that had opened up and was full of stars over the dark lake made our way home.
Ed Staskus posts monthly on 147 Stanley Street http://www.147stanleystreet.com, Made in Cleveland http://www.clevelandohiodaybook.com, Down East http://www.redroadpei.com, and Lithuanian Journal http://www.lithuanianjournal.com. To get the site’s monthly feature in your in-box click on “Follow.”
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